Guide ยท Last reviewed: September 2026

Hub and spoke topology

Central data platform, multiple consuming teams. More reporting spaces without a second engineering layer.

One data engineering workspace acts as the hub, containing all pipelines, lakehouses, and transformation logic. Multiple data analytics workspaces connect to it as spokes, each serving a different consuming team. Each spoke accesses the hub's Gold layer through shortcuts and builds its own semantic models and reports.

Engineering hub

  • Pipelines
  • Gold lakehouse

Finance spoke

  • Semantic model
  • Reports

Sales spoke

  • Semantic model
  • Reports

Operations spoke

  • Semantic model
  • Reports
One engineering layer, three consumers reading it in parallel. Each spoke owns its models and reports and none of them owns the pipeline, so a fourth consumer is a new spoke rather than a second copy of the engineering work.

Why teams move here

This scales the Split model to support multiple consumers without duplicating the engineering layer. The platform team owns the hub; consuming teams own their spokes, each with its own access controls, capacity allocation, and deployment cycle. The trade-off is coordination: more workspaces mean more shortcuts to manage, more cross-workspace dependencies to track, and more communication between hub and spoke teams.

Pros and cons

Pros

  • Single source of truth. All curated data lives in one place, so consuming teams work from the same Gold layer.
  • Team autonomy. Each spoke builds, iterates, and deploys without waiting on the platform team.
  • Granular access control. Finance sees Finance reports, Marketing sees Marketing reports, and no one stumbles into another team's work in progress.
  • Independent capacity and billing. Allocate more capacity to priority teams, or charge back costs by department.
  • Scales horizontally. A new consuming team means a new spoke and a shortcut. The hub doesn't change.

Cons

  • Shortcut proliferation. Every spoke needs shortcuts to the hub, and the number to create, maintain, and audit grows with each one.
  • Hub becomes a bottleneck. If the platform team is slow to deliver tables or fix data quality, every spoke is blocked.
  • Limited cross-spoke visibility. Two teams needing to share assets or collaborate first have to figure out where something lives and who owns it.
  • Coordination overhead. A schema change in the hub can break multiple downstream workspaces at once.
  • Growing governance complexity. More workspaces mean more to audit, more capacity to monitor, and more deployment pipelines to manage.

Where this fits

  • Central BI platform serving multiple business units. A platform team owns engineering; Finance, Marketing, Operations, and Sales each have their own analytics workspace sourced from the same trusted data.
  • Regulated data with multiple consumer groups. The hub restricts access to the engineering layer; each spoke gets only the aggregated, compliant views it's authorised to see.
  • Multi-region deployment. One central hub with spokes for EMEA, APAC, and the Americas, each with localised reports and capacity while sharing the same underlying data.

When this breaks down

  • Different domains need fundamentally different source systems or engineering logic, and one hub can't serve them all
  • Spoke teams want to own their own data engineering, not just analytics
  • The platform team can't keep up with demand from all the spokes
  • Cross-domain data products need tighter integration than shortcuts can cleanly support

When you hit these limits, Domain mesh topology is the natural next step.

Considerations

  • Define the hub-to-spoke contract. Be explicit about which tables, which refresh cadence, and which quality guarantees the hub provides.
  • Establish a change notification process. Schema changes affect every spoke, so build a communication channel with advance warning before breaking changes land.
  • Standardise spoke setup. A template or checklist for new spokes keeps naming, folder structure, default roles, and monitoring consistent.
  • Monitor the hub closely. It's a single point of failure; alert on pipeline failures, data quality issues, and capacity contention.
  • Plan for spoke lifecycle. Have a process for decommissioning spokes, including cleaning up shortcuts and reclaiming capacity.